Wednesday, October 24, 2012

Mercedes E Klasse - Mercedes E Class


The Mercedes-Benz E-Class is a range of executive cars manufactured by Mercedes-Benz in various engine and body configurations. The E initially stood for Einspritzmotor (German for fuel injection engine); a new feature in volume production vehicles at the time that the E-Class first appeared, with the E as a suffix to the engine nomenclature (e.g. 230E) in the 1950s. It was not until the launch of the facelifted W124 that the E was used as a prefix (i.e., E220) and the model referred to officially as the E-Class (or E-Klasse). At this time all Mercedes cars used fuel injection and the company felt it was not necessary to add this as a distinguishing feature. Due to the E-Class's size and durability, the cars also frequently serve as taxis in European countries. Older models like the W123 and W124 are used in Malaysia as inter-state taxis, and the W211 is used in Singapore as a taxi. Mercedes-Benz also offers special-purpose vehicles (e.g., police or ambulance modifications) from the factory.

La Classe E rappresenta la berlina di fascia alta della casa automobilistica tedesca Mercedes-Benz.
Presentata sul mercato europeo con il nome commerciale di Classe E nel 1993, rappresenta tuttora lo standard per le berline Mercedes-Benz odierne; disponibile anche in altre versioni, è arrivata alla sua quarta generazione, rappresentata dal modello W212.
 
维基百科,自由的百科全书 跳转到: 导航、 搜索 汉漢▼ 兩輛梅塞德斯-奔驰 E级車 梅塞德斯-奔驰E级(德语:Mercedes-Benz E-Klasse)是由梅塞德斯-奔驰生产的中型豪华轿车系列,其中的E是德语“Einspritzung(意为射入)”原本指引擎採用效率較好的燃料噴 射系統而非化油器,燃料噴射引擎普遍後改為代表主管(Executive)的首字母。E级车是梅塞德斯-奔驰全系列中销售最好的车型,一向有堅固的車身與 沉穩的底盤,1995年推出的W210款E-Class有復古兼空氣力學設計的雙圓燈車頭,風阻係數僅0.27,是當時最流線的四門轎車。其主要对手为讴 歌RL、奥迪A6、宝马5系、凯迪拉克STS、無限M、捷豹S型、雷克萨斯GS、林肯LS、福斯Passat、萨博9-5、豐田Camry、馬自達6、本 田雅閣、日產天籟和沃尔沃S80。

Die Mercedes-Benz E-Klasse ist eine Fahrzeugreihe von Mercedes-Benz. Seit der zweiten großen Modellpflege der Baureihe 124 im Jahr 1993 und der damit einhergehenden Umstellung der Modellbezeichnungen bezeichnet Mercedes-Benz Fahrzeuge der oberen Mittelklasse als E-Klasse. Neben kleineren Designänderungen der ansonsten nahezu unveränderten Baureihe wurden die Modelle von beispielsweise 200 E (Benziner) oder 200 D (Diesel) in E 200 bzw. E 200 Diesel umbenannt.

Das vorangestellte „E“ in den neuen Bezeichnungen steht für Executive, während vorher das nachgestellte „E“ eine Motorisierung mit (Benzin-)Einspritzung bezeichnete. Rechtliche Probleme mit dieser Bezeichnung bekam der Hersteller Mercedes-Benz mit einem französischen Staatsbürger. Dieser hatte sich die Bezeichnung „class e“ Jahre zuvor rechtlich schützen lassen und wollte Daimler-Benz die Verwendung verbieten lassen. Man einigte sich auf eine Zahlung von 100.000,- DM seitens Daimler-Benz an den Kläger. 2009 wurde mit der Produktion der aktuellen Baureihe 212 im Werk Sindelfingen begonnen. Das Coupé und das Cabriolet der aktuellen E-Klasse gehören der Baureihe 207 an und werden im Werk Bremen auf der Bodengruppe der C-Klasse gebaut. In älteren Baureihen wurden die entsprechenden Fahrzeuge als CLK bezeichnet.






Mercedes-Benz W120 'Ponton' 

Mercedes-Benz W110 'Fintail' 

Mercedes-Benz W114/W115 'Stroke-8' 

Mercedes-Benz W123 

Mercedes-Benz W124 

Mercedes-Benz W210 

Mercedes-Benz W211 

Mercedes-Benz W212 2 

Mercedes-Benz E55 AMG 

Mercedes-Benz E63 

Mercedes-Benz AMG 

 

 

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Sunday, October 14, 2012

Lancia Fulvia




 The Lancia Fulvia is an Italian car introduced at the Geneva Motor Show in 1963 by Lancia. It was produced by that company through 1976. Fulvias are notable for their role in automobile racing history, including winning the International Rally Championship in 1972.[2] On testing it in 1967, Road & Track summed up the Fulvia as "a precision motorcar, an engineering tour de force".




"If you want a beautifully-engineered classic car that is entirely practical for everyday use, fast enough to keep up with the modern traffic, economical to run, and not so complicated that maintenance becomes a nightmare -- think about a Fulvia. It is probably the most affordable piece of high-quality machinery that will meet all these requirements."

"...I loved my Fulvia, and wrote about it in one of my novels. It broke down in all the best places. The head warped and I needed a new gasket every month: so did the Fulvia. Finally, I sold it at auction. It was brown with cream leather seats. It was rusting in the usual places. I was more patient with it than with anybody or everything. When it was sold, I saw it again for the last time, sitting under a street lamp, broken down again. I had to cross the street and say goodbye. It was silent and sullen as usual. It was a person, and had a soul.
Myrna Combellack, salisbury@freenet.co.uk. Feb 2000

I live in Breda, which is in the south of the Netherlands, very close to the Belgian border. Since I started using a Fulvia Coupé as every day car in September 1995, the number of Fulvia's in Breda has gone up considerably. There are more Fulvia's in Breda now than there were in the sixties and seventies. Let's keep up the good work.
Huib, Email: huib@viva-lancia.com..."
source: viva-lancia.com/fulvia

Models

The Fulvia was available in three variants:- 'Berlina' (4 door saloon) 'Coupe' and 'Sport' (an alternative coupe designed and built by Zagato on the Coupe floorpan).

  • Berlina - A compact four-door saloon introduced in 1963 with 1098 cc engine producing 58 bhp (43 kW) at 5800 rpm.
  • Berlina 2C - An updated Berlina launched late 1963 with 71 bhp (53 kW) engine fitted with twin Solex carburettors. The body-shell also had revised front subframe mountings.
  • Berlina GT - Introduced in 1967 with the 1216 cc or 1231 cc engine producing 80 bhp (60 kW) at 6000 rpm and 1199 cc 79 bhp (59 kW) for Greece.
  • Berlina GTE - Introduced in 1968 with a new 1298 cc (818.302) engine with 87 bhp (65 kW) at 6000 rpm. In addition the brakes were uprated with a brake servo.
  • Berlina 'S2 - Series 2 introduced for 1969 with the 1298 cc (and 1199 cc engine for Greece) and restyled body with a longer wheelbase.
  • Berlina 'S2 - Berlina Series 2 update introduced 1970 with the 1298 cc (818.302) engine and 5-speed gearbox. Larger Girling calipers and pads replaced the Dunlop system fitted to 1st series cars.
  • Coupe - A compact two-door introduced in 1965, designed in-house by Piero Castagnero. the coupe uses a 150 mm (5.9 in) shorter wheelbase along with the larger (1216 cc) or 1231 cc engine producing 80 bhp (60 kW) at 6000 rpm.
  • Coupe HF - A competition version of the coupe introduced later in 1965, fitted with a tuned version of the 1216 cc engine producing 88 bhp (66 kW) at 6000 rpm, and fitted with aluminium bonnet, doors and bootlid together with plexiglass side and rear windows.
  • Rallye 1.3 HF - An updated HF with a new 1298 cc engine with 101 bhp (75 kW) at 6400 rpm..
  • Rallye 1.3 - An updated coupe with the 1298 cc (818.302) engine with 87 hp (65 kW) at 6000 rpm.
  • Rallye 1.3S - An updated Rallye 1.3 with a new 1298 cc (818.303) engine producing 92 hp (69 kW) at 6000 rpm.
  • Rallye 1.6 HF - The evolution of Rallye 1.3 HF with a 1584 cc engine producing 115 hp (86 kW) at 6000 rpm. Other changes included negative camber front suspension geometry, with light alloy 13 inch 6J wheels; and a close ratio 5 speed gearbox and wheel arch extensions.
  • Rallye 1.6 HF Variante 1016 - The most-powerful Fulvia with a 1584 cc engine producing up to 132 hp (98 kW) depending on tune. This was the version used by the works rally team until 1974, when it was superseded in competition by the Stratos.
  • Coupe 1.3s - 2nd Series - Face-lifted body and new 5 speed gearbox with 1298 cc (818.303) engine producing 90 hp (67 kW) at 6000 rpm. Larger Girling calipers and pads replaced the Dunlop system fitted to 1st series cars.
  • Coupe 1600HF - 2nd Series - Face-lifted all steel body with 1584 cc engine producing 115 hp (86 kW) at 6000 rpm. The body work was changed from the standard 1.3 Coupe to incorporate 'flared' wheel arches (replacing the extensions used on 1st series HFs). 'Lusso' versions had extra trim and were fitted with bumpers and were mostly produced for export.
  • Coupe 1.3s Montecarlo - Replica of 1972 Montecarlo Rally works car livery with 1298 cc producing 90 hp (67 kW) at 6000 rpm. This version used his own bodyshell with flared wheelarches similar but different to the 1600HF bodyshell, 'Lusso' interior fittings (bucket seats etc.), fitted with front fog lamps and no bumpers; but were fitted with the standard 4.5J steel wheels of the standard 1.3 Coupe.
  • Coupe Fulvia 3 - Updated Coupe introduced 1974 with a new design of seats incorporating headrests and new white faced instrument dials with an updated range of trim colours, materials and options. Mechanically the same as the earlier 1.3s S2 Coupes except for the addition of emission control on the solex carburettors.
  • Coupe Fulvia 3 Safari - A special edition of the standard Coupe without bumpers, special trim and exterior badges.
  • Sport - a 2-seat Zagato rebody of Coupe with aluminium bodyshell and 1216 cc engine.
  • Sport 1.3 - An updated Sport with 1298 cc (818.302) engine producing 87 hp (65 kW) at 6000 rpm. Early versions still have all aluminium bodyshells (700 were produced with both 1216 cc & 1298 cc engines), but later ones were fitted with steel bodyshells with an aluminium bonnet and doors.
  • Sport 1.3s - An updated Sport 1.3 with 1298 cc (818.303) engine producing 92 hp (69 kW) at 6000 rpm. These Sports were normally fitted with brake servos.
  • Sport 1.3s 2nd series - An updated Sport 1.3 with 5 speed gearbox. Very early versions of these Series 2 cars were fitted with Series 1 'type' bodyshells with a separate spare wheel-hatch and smaller rear lights and aluminium bonnet and doors. Later versions have all steel bodyshells and no spare wheel hatch, and larger rear lights.
  • Sport 1600 - An updated Sport with 1584 cc engine producing 115 hp (86 kW). This version had electric front windows and was the fastest production Fulvia produced, with a top speed of 118 mph (190 km/h).
The Fulvia saloon was updated for 1969 with a 20 mm (0.8 in) longer wheelbase, new styling, and an updated interior. The Fulvia Coupe and Sport were updated in mechanics and styling in 1970.


Engine

One element that was new was the narrow-angle V4 engine. Designed by Zaccone Mina, it used a narrow angle (12°53'28") and was mounted well forward at a 45° angle. The engine is a DOHC design with a one camshaft operating all intake valves and another operating all exhaust valves. The very narrow angle of the cylinders allowed for use of a single cylinder head.
Displacement began at just 1091 cc with 58 bhp (44 kW) with a 72 mm bore and 67 mm stroke. A higher (9.0:1) compression ratio and the fitment of twin Solex carburettors raised power to 71 bhp (53 kW) soon after.
The engine was bored to 6 mm to enlarge displacement to 1216 cc for the HF model. This, and some tuning, raised output to 80 to 88 bhp (60 to 66 kW).
The engine was re-engineered with a slightly narrower bank angle (12°45'28") and longer (69.7 mm) stroke for 1967. Three displacements were produced: 1199 cc (74 mm bore), 1231 cc (75 mm bore), and 1298 cc (77 mm bore). The new 1298 cc engine was produced in two versions; the type 818.302 produced 87 bhp (65 kW) at 6000 rpm and was fitted to 1st series Coupes, Sports and Berlina GTE and later to the 2nd Series Berlina. The Type 818.303 was first produced with 92 hp (69 kW) and was fitted to the 1st series Coupe Rallye S and Sport S. For the 2nd Series Coupe and Sport power was slightly reduced to 90 hp (67 kW) at 6000 rpm. The 1199 cc engine was only fitted to the Berlina sold in Greece.
The engine was completely reworked for the new 1.6 HF with an even-narrower angle (11°20' now) and longer 75 mm stroke combined with a bore of 82 mm gave it a displacement of 1584 cc, and power ranged from 115 to 132 bhp (85 to 98 kW) depending on tune.

Monday, October 1, 2012

Top Muscle Cars: 1968 L88 Corvette

Chevrolet Chevelle SS 454


Boasting a top speed of about 170 mph with a special order package, the 1968 L88 Corvette is thought to be the end-all, be-all in the Corvette world. The 550 bhp motor was designed specifically for racing and GM didn’t want the L88 on the open road due to its power. More standard features of everyday cars such as air conditioning and a radio weren’t even offered to make this powerful car less attractive to the common man.
Read more: toptenz.net

[The classic L88 7.0 Liter pictured above had a factory rating of 460 horsepower, but was routinely tested at about 560 h.p. by the independents.]


This LE edition comes in a new (to the Z06) red metallic tintcoat, and some graphics that are reminiscent of the 1967 427 c.i. Vettes (mainly shooting for the 67' Vette stinger hood look).
It also includes exclusive wheels (which look to us like the ones GM is using on next year's 2009 Z06). They are aluminum and measure 18 x 9.5-inch rims with 275/35ZR18 tires in the front, and 19 x 12-inch rims with 325/30ZR19 tires in the rear. This setup is said to break 1-g on the skid pad.
On this edition there is also a titanium-colored leather interior, 427-embroidered seats and floor mats, and custom Z06 door sill plates. They also say the "retiring Corvette plant manager" signs each armrest, or some kind of plaque, and while we could live without that, many may find it nice.



Mit einer Höchstgeschwindigkeit von etwa 170 MPH mit einer Bestellung Pakets wird die 1968 L88 Corvette angenommen, dass die end-all, werden-all in der Corvette Welt. Der 550 PS Motor wurde speziell für den Rennsport und GM wollte nicht die L88 auf offener Straße wegen seiner Leistung ausgelegt. Weitere Standard-Features von Alltagsautos wie Klimaanlage und Radio wurden nicht einmal angeboten, um diese leistungsfähige Auto weniger attraktiv für die gewöhnlichen Menschen.



Büszkélkedő végsebessége körülbelül 170 mph egy speciális megrendelésre csomag, az 1968-as Corvette L88 úgy gondolják, hogy a végén minden, legyen, mind a Corvette világon. Az 550 lóerős motor volt, kifejezetten versenyzésre és a GM nem akarta az L88 a nyílt úton miatt erejét. További alapfelszereltség a mindennapi autók, mint a légkondicionáló és a rádió nem is felajánlotta, hogy ezt a hatalmas autó kevésbé vonzó a közös ember.



Обладая максимальной скоростью около 170 миль / ч специальным пакетом порядку, в 1968 году Corvette L88 Считается, что в конце-концов, быть-все в мире Corvette.550 л.с. Двигатель был разработан специально для гонок и GM не хотел L88 на открытой дороге благодаря своей власти. Более стандартные функции повседневного автомобилей, таких как кондиционер и радио даже не предложили сделать этот мощный автомобиль менее привлекательным для обычного человека.


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